Starters
Starter - is a electric-mechanical device which serves for the start-up - in our case of the internal-combustion engine. The starter most often has the electric motor of the direct current - very rarely air.
An electric starter is such a starter which the electric engine of the direct current fed usually with tension 12 V for vehicles and light delivery vehicles and 24 V for lorries. A starter is a receiver which takes the most electricity from all receivers in the vehicle, but it is happening through very short span of time - during the warming up the engine - conscription of the electricity through the starter vacillates from 150A to even 600A depending on the power of the starter, which next vacillates in borders 0.4 - 10 kW.
So that the starter meets its objective and conducted the warming up the engine a friction of bearings of the crankshaft must overcome a lot of oppositions which they make up, friction of crowds, compression of the engine.
Starting speed - that is the speed with which an engine needs to start to work automatically - for petrol engine 40 - 100 rotations/min, whereas for the diesel engine 100 - 200 rotations/min. It shows that the starter intended for the diesel engine must be stronger than the one which is assigned to the petrol engine.
To achieve correct work of a starter one should obey a few principles:
After turning the key into the item of the start-up coupling complex (electromagnet) simultaneously:
1. It clenches the main positive clamp running from the battery with the positive clamp of the engine of the starter switching the engine on in the process - the rotor starts rotating
2. It couples the rotor of the starter with the flywheel of the engine with the help of the toothed gear transmission (bendix).
In the moment of coupling the rotor with the flywheel the internal-combustion engine of the vehicle is being turned with the help of the electric engine of the starter.
1. battery
2. station,
3. manoeuvrable spring,
4. joints of the electromagnet,
5. keeping the winding,
6. drawing the winding
7. arousing winding of the starter
8. commutator
9. rotor
10. screw multispline
11. cornet
12. bendix
13. pinion
14. string of the flywheel
15. pole of the starter
The most frequent malfunctions of the starter:
Causes of poor work of starter can often not be in very starter, but in other elements of the circumference of the starter, e.g. in the battery, contact assemblies, leading. Defects of the circumference of the ignition can also influence the hampered start-up of the petrol internal-combustion engine, and in diesel engines in circumference glow of candles or the fuel injection.
For most frequent not demand one should rank the starter:
An electric starter is such a starter which the electric engine of the direct current fed usually with tension 12 V for vehicles and light delivery vehicles and 24 V for lorries. A starter is a receiver which takes the most electricity from all receivers in the vehicle, but it is happening through very short span of time - during the warming up the engine - conscription of the electricity through the starter vacillates from 150A to even 600A depending on the power of the starter, which next vacillates in borders 0.4 - 10 kW.
So that the starter meets its objective and conducted the warming up the engine a friction of bearings of the crankshaft must overcome a lot of oppositions which they make up, friction of crowds, compression of the engine.
Starting speed - that is the speed with which an engine needs to start to work automatically - for petrol engine 40 - 100 rotations/min, whereas for the diesel engine 100 - 200 rotations/min. It shows that the starter intended for the diesel engine must be stronger than the one which is assigned to the petrol engine.
To achieve correct work of a starter one should obey a few principles:
- to control and to support the right state of charging the battery
- periodic inspections of the starter
- to care about the cleanness of all elements of the flow of the electricity, in particular, of the main positive clamp and all mass connections (clamp „ minus " - block of the engine, socket of the starter in the block, through all elements of the starter all the way to brush holder)
- to conduct repair, disassembly and the conservation in special workshops.
After turning the key into the item of the start-up coupling complex (electromagnet) simultaneously:
1. It clenches the main positive clamp running from the battery with the positive clamp of the engine of the starter switching the engine on in the process - the rotor starts rotating
2. It couples the rotor of the starter with the flywheel of the engine with the help of the toothed gear transmission (bendix).
In the moment of coupling the rotor with the flywheel the internal-combustion engine of the vehicle is being turned with the help of the electric engine of the starter.
Scheme of the starter:
1. battery
2. station,
3. manoeuvrable spring,
4. joints of the electromagnet,
5. keeping the winding,
6. drawing the winding
7. arousing winding of the starter
8. commutator
9. rotor
10. screw multispline
11. cornet
12. bendix
13. pinion
14. string of the flywheel
15. pole of the starter
The most frequent malfunctions of the starter:
Causes of poor work of starter can often not be in very starter, but in other elements of the circumference of the starter, e.g. in the battery, contact assemblies, leading. Defects of the circumference of the ignition can also influence the hampered start-up of the petrol internal-combustion engine, and in diesel engines in circumference glow of candles or the fuel injection.
For most frequent not demand one should rank the starter:
- Relieving or insufficient loading up the battery or other its defect e.g. oxidized poles
- Badly combined mass
- Injured ducts, loose or oxidized clamps of wires
